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PMID: 21438870 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Autophagy in the immune response to tuberculosis: clinical perspectives.

Clinical and experimental immunology ·Vol. 164 ·No. 3 ·2011-06-00 ·Pages 291-300

Ní Cheallaigh C, Keane J, Lavelle EC, Hope JC, Harris J

Abstract

A growing body of evidence points to autophagy as an essential component in the immune response to tuberculosis. Autophagy is a direct mechanism of killing intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis and also acts as a modulator of proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In addition, autophagy plays a key role in antigen processing and presentation. Autophagy is modulated by cytokines; it is stimulated by T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ, and is inhibited by the Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Vitamin D, via cathelicidin, can also induce autophagy, as can Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signals. Autophagy-promoting agents, administered either locally to the lungs or systemically, could have a clinical application as adjunctive treatment of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive tuberculosis. Moreover, vaccines which effectively induce autophagy could be more successful in preventing acquisition or reactivation of latent tuberculosis.

MeSH Terms
Animals Antigen Presentation/drug effects Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use Autophagy/drug effects,immunology Cytokines/immunology Humans Immunity Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology Th1-Th2 Balance/drug effects Tuberculosis/immunology,therapy
Chemicals
Antitubercular Agents Cytokines
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ní Cheallaigh C
Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin and St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
Keane J
Lavelle E C
Hope J C
Harris J
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Article Info
Journal
Clinical and experimental immunology
Abbr.
Clin Exp Immunol
ISSN
1365-2249
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04381.x
Published
2011-06-00
Epub
2011-00-25
Pages
291-300
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
0057202
PMCID
PMC3087924
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04381.x PMC Full Text View journal details
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