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PMID: 19684020 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

Biochemical basis of immunological and retroviral responses to DNA-targeted cytosine deamination by activation-induced cytidine deaminase and APOBEC3G.

The Journal of biological chemistry ·Vol. 284 ·No. 41 ·2009-10-09 ·Pages 27761-27765

Chelico L, Pham P, Petruska J, Goodman MF

Abstract

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and APOBEC3G catalyze deamination of cytosine to uracil on single-stranded DNA, thereby setting in motion a regulated hypermutagenic process essential for human well-being. However, if regulation fails, havoc ensues. AID plays a central role in the synthesis of high affinity antibodies, and APOBEC3G inactivates human immunodeficiency virus-1. This minireview highlights biochemical and structural properties of AID and APOBEC3G, showing how studies using the purified enzymes provide valuable insight into the considerably more complex biology governing antibody generation and human immunodeficiency virus inactivation.

MeSH Terms
APOBEC-3G Deaminase Animals Base Pair Mismatch Cytidine Deaminase/chemistry,genetics,immunology Cytosine/chemistry,metabolism DNA, Single-Stranded/genetics,metabolism HIV-1/immunology Humans Immunoglobulins/chemistry,genetics,immunology Models, Molecular Protein Structure, Quaternary Protein Structure, Tertiary Protein Subunits/chemistry,genetics,metabolism Retroviridae/genetics,metabolism Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin/genetics,immunology Uracil/chemistry,metabolism
Chemicals
DNA, Single-Stranded Immunoglobulins Protein Subunits Uracil Cytosine AICDA (activation-induced cytidine deaminase) APOBEC-3G Deaminase APOBEC3G protein, human Cytidine Deaminase
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Chelico Linda
Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2910.
Pham Phuong
Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2910.
Petruska John
Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2910.
Goodman Myron F
Department of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Computational Biology Section, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2910. Electronic address: mgoodman@usc.edu.
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Article Info
Journal
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abbr.
J Biol Chem
ISSN
1083-351X
DOI
10.1074/jbc.R109.052449
Email
mgoodman@usc.edu
Published
2009-10-09
Epub
2009-00-13
Pages
27761-27765
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
2985121R
PMCID
PMC2788826
Subset
IM
Grants
NIEHS NIH HHS · R01 ES013192 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R37GM21422 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · ES013192 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · R56 ES013192 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R37 GM021422 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1074/jbc.R109.052449 PMC Full Text View journal details
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