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PMID: 18642069 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Autism symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a familial trait which correlates with conduct, oppositional defiant, language and motor disorders.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders ·Vol. 39 ·No. 2 ·2009-02-00 ·Pages 197-209

Mulligan A, Anney RJ, O'Regan M, Chen W, Butler L, Fitzgerald M, Buitelaar J, Steinhausen HC, Rothenberger A, Minderaa R, Nijmeijer J, Hoekstra PJ, Oades RD, Roeyers H, Buschgens C, Christiansen H, Franke B, Gabriels I, Hartman C, Kuntsi J, Marco R, Meidad S, Mueller U, Psychogiou L, Rommelse N, Thompson M, Uebel H, Banaschewski T, Ebstein R, Eisenberg J, Manor I, Miranda A, Mulas F, Sergeant J, Sonuga-Barke E, Asherson P, Faraone SV, Gill M

Abstract

It is hypothesised that autism symptoms are present in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), are familial and index subtypes of ADHD. Autism symptoms were compared in 821 ADHD probands, 1050 siblings and 149 controls. Shared familiality of autism symptoms and ADHD was calculated using DeFries-Fulker analysis. Autism symptoms were higher in probands than siblings or controls, and higher in male siblings than male controls. Autism symptoms were familial, partly shared with familiality of ADHD in males. Latent class analysis using SCQ-score yielded five classes; Class 1(31%) had few autism symptoms and low comorbidity; Classes 2-4 were intermediate; Class 5(7%) had high autism symptoms and comorbidity. Thus autism symptoms in ADHD represent a familial trait associated with increased neurodevelopmental and oppositional/conduct disorders.

MeSH Terms
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/classification,diagnosis,epidemiology,physiopathology Autistic Disorder/diagnosis,epidemiology,physiopathology Child Child, Preschool Comorbidity Conduct Disorder/epidemiology Fear/psychology Female Humans Language Development Disorders/epidemiology Male Motor Activity Phenotype Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/statistics & numerical data Psychometrics/methods Severity of Illness Index Sex Distribution Siblings/psychology Surveys and Questionnaires
Authors & Affiliations
38 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Mulligan Aisling
Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland. mulliga@tcd.ie
Anney Richard J L
O'Regan Myra
Chen Wai
Butler Louise
Fitzgerald Michael
Buitelaar Jan
Steinhausen Hans-Christoph
Rothenberger Aribert
Minderaa Ruud
Nijmeijer Judith
Hoekstra Pieter J
Oades Robert D
Roeyers Herbert
Buschgens Cathelijne
Christiansen Hanna
Franke Barbara
Gabriels Isabel
Hartman Catharina
Kuntsi Jonna
Marco Rafaela
Meidad Sheera
Mueller Ueli
Psychogiou Lamprini
Rommelse Nanda
Thompson Margaret
Uebel Henrik
Banaschewski Tobias
Ebstein Richard
Eisenberg Jacques
Manor Iris
Miranda Ana
Mulas Fernando
Sergeant Joseph
Sonuga-Barke Edmund
Asherson Phil
Faraone Stephen V
Gill Michael
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
Abbr.
J Autism Dev Disord
ISSN
0162-3257
DOI
10.1007/s10803-008-0621-3
Email
mulliga@tcd.ie
Published
2009-02-00
Epub
2008-00-19
Pages
197-209
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7904301
Subset
IM
Grants
Medical Research Council · G0300189 · United Kingdom
NIMH NIH HHS · R01MH62873 · United States
Corrections
ErratumIn
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External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s10803-008-0621-3 View journal details
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