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PMID: 18493721 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Arabidopsis DEMETER-LIKE proteins DML2 and DML3 are required for appropriate distribution of DNA methylation marks.

Plant molecular biology ·Vol. 67 ·No. 6 ·2008-08-00 ·Pages 671-81

Ortega-Galisteo AP, Morales-Ruiz T, Ariza RR, Roldán-Arjona T

Abstract

Cytosine DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic mark for maintenance of gene silencing across cellular divisions, but it is a reversible modification. Genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that the Arabidopsis DNA glycosylase domain-containing proteins ROS1 (REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1) and DME (DEMETER) initiate erasure of 5-methylcytosine through a base excision repair process. The Arabidopsis genome encodes two paralogs of ROS1 and DME, referred to as DEMETER-LIKE proteins DML2 and DML3. We have found that DML2 and DML3 are 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylases that are expressed in a wide range of plant organs. We analyzed the distribution of methylation marks at two methylated loci in wild-type and dml mutant plants. Mutations in DML2 and/or DML3 lead to hypermethylation of cytosine residues that are unmethylated or weakly methylated in wild-type plants. In contrast, sites that are heavily methylated in wild-type plants are hypomethylated in mutants. These results suggest that DML2 and DML3 are required not only for removing DNA methylation marks from improperly-methylated cytosines, but also for maintenance of high methylation levels in properly targeted sites.

MeSH Terms
5-Methylcytosine/analysis Amino Acid Sequence Arabidopsis/enzymology,genetics Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry,genetics,physiology DNA Glycosylases/chemistry,genetics,physiology DNA Methylation Molecular Sequence Data Mutation
Chemicals
Arabidopsis Proteins 5-Methylcytosine DML2 protein, Arabidopsis DML3 protein, Arabidopsis DNA Glycosylases
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ortega-Galisteo Ana Pilar
Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales s/n, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Morales-Ruiz Teresa
Ariza Rafael R
Roldán-Arjona Teresa
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Article Info
Journal
Plant molecular biology
Abbr.
Plant Mol Biol
ISSN
0167-4412
DOI
10.1007/s11103-008-9346-0
Published
2008-08-00
Epub
2008-00-21
Pages
671-81
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
9106343
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s11103-008-9346-0 View journal details
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