Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 183210 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

The endoplasmic reticulum: a cytochemist's view (a review).

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 73 ·No. 8 ·1976-08-00 ·Pages 2781-7

Novikoff AB

Abstract

Enzyme cytochemistry has been used, at the light and electron microscope levels, to "mark" cytoplasmic organelles of mammalian cells. Catalase cytochemistry permitted identification of microperoxisomes, apparently ubiquitous organelles that are attached by numerous slender connections to the endoplasmic reticulum. Thiamine pyrophosphatase and acid phosphatase cytochemistry can be used to distinguish between the Golgi apparatus and a specialized acid-phosphatase-rich region of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that appears to be involved in: (a) the formation of lysosomes and melanin granules: (b) the processing and packaging of secretory materials in endocrine and exocrine cells; and (c) the metabolism of lipid. The acronym GERL has been given to this region of smooth ER because it is located at the inner or "trans" aspect of the Golgi apparatus and because it appears to produce various types of Lysosomes.

MeSH Terms
Acid Phosphatase/metabolism Animals Catechol Oxidase/metabolism Endoplasmic Reticulum/enzymology,metabolism,ultrastructure Golgi Apparatus/enzymology Histocytochemistry Lipid Metabolism Liver/ultrastructure Lysosomes/enzymology Melanocytes/ultrastructure Microbodies/enzymology Microscopy, Electron Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism Thyroid Gland/ultrastructure
Chemicals
Catechol Oxidase Acid Phosphatase Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Novikoff A B
References (40)
40 references, click to expand
  1. Cytochemical studies on golgi apparatus, GERL, and lysosomes in neurons of dorsal root ganglia in mice.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Feb;72(2):508-12 PMID: 1054834
  2. Intracellular aspects of the process of protein synthesis.
    Science. 1975 Aug 1;189(4200):347-58 PMID: 1096303
  3. Lipolysosomes in human hepatocytes. Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies of patients with Wilson's disease.
    Lab Invest. 1975 Jul;33(1):1-7 PMID: 1142738
  4. Studies on microperoxisomes. VII. Pigment epithelial cells and other cell types in the retina of rodents.
    J Cell Biol. 1975 May;65(2):324-34 PMID: 1168648
  5. Cytochemical localization of lysosomal enzymes in rat megakaryocytes and platelets.
    J Clin Invest. 1975 Dec;56(6):1635-49 PMID: 1202088
  6. Nucleosidediphosphatase activity in the Golgi apparatus and its usefulness for cytological studies.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1961 Jun 15;47:802-10 PMID: 13729758
  7. Mitochondrial localization of oxidative enzymes: staining results with two tetrazolium salts.
    J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1961 Jan;9:47-61 PMID: 13729759
  8. A microsomal nucleoside diphosphatase.
    J Biol Chem. 1963 Feb;238:710-6 PMID: 13939126
  9. Pathological changes in cytoplasmic organelles.
    Fed Proc. 1962 Nov-Dec;21:1130-42 PMID: 13939128
  10. Cytochemical study of secretory process in transplantable insulinoma of syrian golden hamster.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Nov;72(11):4501-5 PMID: 172911
  11. Peroxisomes in absorptive cells of mammalian small intestine.
    J Cell Biol. 1972 May;53(2):532-60 PMID: 4112543
  12. Studies on microperoxisomes. V. Are microperoxisomes ubiquitous in mammalian cells?
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1973 Aug;21(8):737-55 PMID: 4125273
  13. Lysosome formation in hepatocytes of mice with Chèdiak-Higashi syndrome.
    Lab Invest. 1974 May;30(5):597-607 PMID: 4133090
  14. Unusual lysosomes in hamster hepatocytes.
    Exp Mol Pathol. 1974 Dec;21(3):398-423 PMID: 4139039
  15. Visualization of peroxisomes (microbodies) and mitochondria with diaminobenzidine.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1969 Oct;17(10):675-80 PMID: 4194356
  16. Structure and function of plant microbodies.
    Subcell Biochem. 1973;2(3):237-85 PMID: 4207692
  17. Lead ion and phosphatase histochemistry. II. Effect of adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis by lead ion on the histochemical localization of adenosine triphosphatase activity.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1966 Oct;14(10):702-10 PMID: 4226228
  18. Interpretation of phosphatase cytochemical data.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1970 Dec;18(12):915 PMID: 4251057
  19. Their phosphatase controversy: Love's labours lost.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1970 Dec;18(12):916-7 PMID: 4251058
  20. Ultrastructural and cytochemical observations on B-16 and Harding-Passey mouse melanomas. The origin of premelanosomes and compound melanosomes.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1968 May;16(5):299-319 PMID: 4297751
  21. Enzyme localizations with Gomori type lead phosphate procedures: real or artifact.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1970 May;18(5):366-7 PMID: 4316296
  22. Lead and phosphate as sources of artifact in nucleoside phosphatase histochemistry.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1969 Oct;17(10):641-50 PMID: 4317882
  23. Golgi apparatus, GERL, and lysosomes of neurons in rat dorsal root ganglia, studied by thick section and thin section cytochemistry.
    J Cell Biol. 1971 Sep;50(3):859-86 PMID: 4329159
  24. Golgi fractions prepared from rat liver homogenates. I. Isolation procedure and morphological characterization.
    J Cell Biol. 1973 Oct;59(1):45-72 PMID: 4356571
  25. Lysosomal packaging in differentiating and degenerating anuran lateral motor column neurons.
    J Cell Biol. 1974 Jun;61(3):599-612 PMID: 4365781
  26. Development of vitamin A-rich lipid droplets in multivesicular bodies of rat liver stellate cells.
    J Cell Biol. 1974 Nov;63(2 Pt 1):683-91 PMID: 4421899
  27. Microperoxisomes.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1973 Nov;21(11):963-6 PMID: 4587528
  28. Cytochemical localization of tyrosinase activity in pigmented epithelial cells of Rana pipiens and Xenopus laevis larvae.
    J Ultrastruct Res. 1972 May;39(3):397-410 PMID: 4623762
  29. The development of melanosomes in the pigment epithelium of the chick embryo.
    Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 1972;131(2):171-86 PMID: 4627489
  30. Studies on microperoxisomes. II. A cytochemical method for light and electron microscopy.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1972 Dec;20(12):1006-23 PMID: 4640962
  31. Production and prevention of fatty liver in rats fed clofibrate and orotic acid diets containing sucrose.
    Lab Invest. 1974 Jun;30(6):732-50 PMID: 4835600
  32. Golgi-melanosome relationship in human melanoma in vitro.
    J Ultrastruct Res. 1969 Jan;26(1):163-76 PMID: 4887010
  33. Lead ion and phosphatase histochemistry. I. Nonenzymatic hydrolysis of nucleoside phosphates by lead ion.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1966 Oct;14(10):698-701 PMID: 4961418
  34. On the possible function of coated vesicles in melanogenesis of the regenerating fowl feather.
    J Cell Biol. 1971 Jan;48(1):41-8 PMID: 4993485
  35. The ultrastructural effects of the I and S loci upon black-red melanin differentiation in the fowl.
    Dev Biol. 1971 Mar;24(3):392-412 PMID: 5118738
  36. Ultrastructural comparison of two human malignant melanoma cell lines.
    Cancer Res. 1970 Nov;30(11):2782-90 PMID: 5487065
  37. Growth and differentiation of cytoplasmic membranes in the course of lipoprotein granule synthesis in the hepatic cell. I. Elaboration of elements of the Golgi complex.
    J Cell Biol. 1970 Dec;47(3):745-66 PMID: 5497550
  38. Cytochemical studies of lysosomes, golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum in secretion and protein uptake by adrenal medulla cells of the rat.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1968 May;16(5):320-36 PMID: 5656143
  39. The early stages of absorption of injected horseradish peroxidase in the proximal tubules of mouse kidney: ultrastructural cytochemistry by a new technique.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1966 Apr;14(4):291-302 PMID: 5962951
  40. Enzyme localizations with Wachstein-Meisel procedures: real or artifact.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1967 Jun;15(6):353-4 PMID: 6046593
Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.73.8.2781
Published
1976-08-00
Pages
2781-7
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC430742
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.8.2781 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2