Investigation of Shiga-like toxin binding to chemically synthesized oligosaccharide sequences.

Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-I and SLT-II/IIc bound to Synsorbs containing synthetic alpha Gal(1-4)beta Gal (P1 disaccharide), alpha Gal(1-4)beta GlcNAc (P1 trisaccharide), or alpha Gal(1-4)beta Gal(1-4)beta Glc (Pk trisaccharide) sequences but not to Synsorbs containing alpha Gal(1-3)beta Gal, alpha Gal(1-3)beta Gal(1-4)beta GlcNAc, or the hydrophobic oligosaccharide linkage arm. SLT-I had a preference for Synsorbs containing trisaccharides, whereas SLT-II/IIc binding was less selective. 125I-labeled SLT-I remained bound to Pk trisaccharide Synsorb in the presence of lactose, galactose, or EDTA but was partially released by acetic acid, guanidine HCl, or a 10% solution of SDS. Vero cells coincubated with Pk trisaccharide Synsorb and SLT I extract were protected from this toxin, whereas Pk trisaccharide Synsorb was much less efficient at neutralizing SLT-II/IIc activity in Vero cell coincubation experiments. The SLT-IIc component was not responsible for the inefficient neutralization. Results suggest that synthetic oligosaccharide sequences related to the P blood group antigens coupled to inert matrices could be useful for rapid diagnosis or possibly therapeutic intervention in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections.