Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 15604681 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

A novel alkaline alpha-galactosidase gene is involved in rice leaf senescence.

Plant molecular biology ·Vol. 55 ·No. 2 ·2004-05-00 ·Pages 281-95

Lee RH, Lin MC, Chen SC

Abstract

We previously isolated and identified numerous senescence-associated genes (SAGs) in rice leaves. Here we characterized the structure and function of an SAG- Osh69 encoding alkaline alpha-galactosidase that belongs to a novel family of glycosyl hydrolases. Osh69 is a single-copy gene composed of 13 exons located on rice chromosome 8. The expression level of Osh69 is not only up-regulated during natural leaf senescence but also induced rapidly by darkness, hormones (methyl jasmonic acid, salicylic acid), and stresses (H2O2 and wounding). The recombinant Osh69 protein over-expressed in Escherichia coli has displayed optimal alpha-galactosidase activity at pH 8.0. The enzyme showed good hydrolytic activities towards alpha-1,6-galactosyl oligosaccharides and galactolipid digalactosyl diacylglycerol. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis demonstrates that Osh69 is specifically localized in the chloroplasts of senescing leaves. These findings strongly suggest an important role for Osh69 in the degradation of chloroplast galactolipids during leaf senescence.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Blotting, Western Chloroplasts/enzymology,ultrastructure Cloning, Molecular DNA, Complementary/chemistry,genetics,isolation & purification Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Microscopy, Immunoelectron Molecular Sequence Data Oryza/enzymology,genetics,physiology Phylogeny Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology Plant Leaves/genetics,physiology,ultrastructure RNA, Messenger/genetics,metabolism Recombinant Proteins/metabolism Sequence Alignment Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Stress, Mechanical Substrate Specificity alpha-Galactosidase/genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
DNA, Complementary Plant Growth Regulators RNA, Messenger Recombinant Proteins Hydrogen Peroxide alpha-Galactosidase
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Lee Ruey-Hua
Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Lin Mei-Chung
Chen Shu-Chen Grace
References (46)
46 references, click to expand
  1. Leaf senescence in Brassica napus: cloning of senescence related genes by subtractive hybridisation.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1997 Mar;33(5):821-34 PMID: 9106506
  2. Extensive feature detection of N-terminal protein sorting signals.
    Bioinformatics. 2002 Feb;18(2):298-305 PMID: 11847077
  3. Chain Elongation of raffinose in pea seeds. Isolation, characterization, and molecular cloning of mutifunctional enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of stachyose and verbascose.
    J Biol Chem. 2002 Jan 4;277(1):194-200 PMID: 11675396
  4. ChloroP, a neural network-based method for predicting chloroplast transit peptides and their cleavage sites.
    Protein Sci. 1999 May;8(5):978-84 PMID: 10338008
  5. Making Sense of Senescence (Molecular Genetic Regulation and Manipulation of Leaf Senescence).
    Plant Physiol. 1997 Feb;113(2):313-319 PMID: 12223609
  6. Molecular characterization of a senescence-associated gene encoding cysteine proteinase and its gene expression during leaf senescence in sweet potato.
    Plant Cell Physiol. 2002 Sep;43(9):984-91 PMID: 12354916
  7. The activated oxygen role of peroxisomes in senescence
    Plant Physiol. 1998 Apr;116(4):1195-200 PMID: 9536035
  8. A census of carbohydrate-active enzymes in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Sep;47(1-2):55-72 PMID: 11554480
  9. PlantCARE, a plant cis-acting regulatory element database.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jan 1;27(1):295-6 PMID: 9847207
  10. Overproduction of cytokinins in petunia flowers transformed with P(SAG12)-IPT delays corolla senescence and decreases sensitivity to ethylene.
    Plant Physiol. 2003 Aug;132(4):2174-83 PMID: 12913172
  11. A gene encoding an acyl hydrolase is involved in leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell. 2002 Apr;14 (4):805-15 PMID: 11971136
  12. Enzymes of the biosynthesis of octadecanoid-derived signalling molecules.
    J Exp Bot. 2001 Jan;52(354):11-23 PMID: 11181709
  13. Evidence supporting a role of jasmonic acid in Arabidopsis leaf senescence.
    Plant Physiol. 2002 Mar;128(3):876-84 PMID: 11891244
  14. Lipid metabolism during plant senescence.
    Prog Lipid Res. 1998 Jul-Aug;37(2-3):119-41 PMID: 9829123
  15. Characteristics of a beta-Galactosidase Associated with the Stroma of Chloroplasts Prepared from Mesophyll Protoplasts of the Primary Leaf of Wheat.
    Plant Physiol. 1984 Sep;76(1):92-5 PMID: 16663831
  16. Predicting subcellular localization of proteins based on their N-terminal amino acid sequence.
    J Mol Biol. 2000 Jul 21;300(4):1005-16 PMID: 10891285
  17. Inhibition of leaf senescence by autoregulated production of cytokinin.
    Science. 1995 Dec 22;270(5244):1986-8 PMID: 8592746
  18. Large-scale identification of leaf senescence-associated genes.
    Plant J. 2003 Dec;36(5):629-42 PMID: 14617064
  19. Site of biosynthesis of galactolipids in spinach chloroplasts.
    Science. 1974 Mar 1;183(4127):852-3 PMID: 17780772
  20. Cloning and characterization of leaf senescence up-regulated genes in sweet potato.
    Physiol Plant. 2001 Nov;113(3):384-391 PMID: 12060284
  21. Expression of senescence-enhanced genes in response to oxidative stress.
    J Exp Bot. 2003 Oct;54(391):2285-92 PMID: 12947053
  22. Accumulation and Subcellular Localization of alpha-Galactosidase-Hemagglutinin in Developing Soybean Cotyledons.
    Plant Physiol. 1985 Apr;77(4):886-90 PMID: 16664156
  23. Partial Purification and Properties of an Alkaline alpha-Galactosidase from Mature Leaves of Cucurbita pepo.
    Plant Physiol. 1983 Mar;71(3):662-8 PMID: 16662884
  24. Crystal structure of rice alpha-galactosidase complexed with D-galactose.
    J Biol Chem. 2003 May 30;278(22):20313-8 PMID: 12657636
  25. The 1.9 A structure of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase: molecular basis of glycosidase deficiency diseases.
    Structure. 2002 Mar;10(3):425-34 PMID: 12005440
  26. Cloning and characterization of tomato leaf senescence-related cDNAs.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1997 Mar;33(4):641-51 PMID: 9132056
  27. BIOSYNTHESIS AND ACTION OF JASMONATES IN PLANTS.
    Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 1997 Jun;48:355-381 PMID: 15012267
  28. Diverse range of gene activity during Arabidopsis thaliana leaf senescence includes pathogen-independent induction of defense-related genes.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1999 May;40(2):267-78 PMID: 10412905
  29. A novel alkaline alpha-galactosidase from melon fruit with a substrate preference for raffinose
    Plant Physiol. 1999 Mar;119(3):979-88 PMID: 10069835
  30. Networking senescence-regulating pathways by using Arabidopsis enhancer trap lines.
    Plant Physiol. 2001 Jun;126(2):707-16 PMID: 11402199
  31. Identification of three genetic loci controlling leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant J. 1997 Sep;12(3):527-35 PMID: 9351240
  32. Salicylic acid has a role in regulating gene expression during leaf senescence.
    Plant J. 2000 Sep;23(5):677-85 PMID: 10972893
  33. Cloning and functional expression of alkaline alpha-galactosidase from melon fruit: similarity to plant SIP proteins uncovers a novel family of plant glycosyl hydrolases.
    Plant J. 2003 Jan;33(1):97-106 PMID: 12943544
  34. Molecular characterization of a novel senescence-associated gene SPA15 induced during leaf senescence in sweet potato.
    Plant Mol Biol. 2003 Mar;51(4):471-81 PMID: 12650614
  35. Molecular genetics of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.
    Trends Plant Sci. 2003 Jun;8(6):272-8 PMID: 12818661
  36. A comparison of the expression patterns of several senescence-associated genes in response to stress and hormone treatment.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1998 Jun;37(3):455-69 PMID: 9617813
  37. The molecular analysis of leaf senescence--a genomics approach.
    Plant Biotechnol J. 2003 Jan;1(1):3-22 PMID: 17147676
  38. Introduction and expression of foreign DNA in isolated spinach chloroplasts by electroporation.
    Plant J. 1996 Oct;10(4):737-43 PMID: 8893549
  39. Leaf senescence in rice plants: cloning and characterization of senescence up-regulated genes.
    J Exp Bot. 2001 May;52(358):1117-21 PMID: 11432928
  40. Differential expression of senescence-associated mRNAs during leaf senescence induced by different senescence-inducing factors in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1998 Jun;37(3):445-54 PMID: 9617812
  41. Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases.
    Structure. 1995 Sep 15;3(9):853-9 PMID: 8535779
  42. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Nov 11;22(22):4673-80 PMID: 7984417
  43. Isolation and characterization of an Arabidopsis mutant deficient in the thylakoid lipid digalactosyl diacylglycerol.
    Plant Cell. 1995 Nov;7(11):1801-10 PMID: 8535135
  44. Synthesis of chloroplast galactolipids in apicomplexan parasites.
    Eukaryot Cell. 2002 Aug;1(4):653-6 PMID: 12456013
  45. Molecular characterization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in rice leaves.
    Planta. 1999 Jul;209(1):66-76 PMID: 10467032
  46. Programmed Cell Death in Plants.
    Plant Cell. 1997 Jul;9(7):1157-1168 PMID: 12237381
Article Info
Journal
Plant molecular biology
Abbr.
Plant Mol Biol
ISSN
0167-4412
DOI
10.1007/s11103-004-0641-0
Published
2004-05-00
Pages
281-95
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
9106343
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
AF251068
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s11103-004-0641-0 View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2