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PMID: 1312634 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

The bovine papillomavirus constitutive enhancer is essential for viral transformation, DNA replication, and the maintenance of latency.

Journal of virology ·Vol. 66 ·No. 4 ·1992-04-00 ·Pages 2346-58

Vande Pol SB, Howley PM

Abstract

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) has served as the prototype papillomavirus for the study of viral transcription, DNA replication, and latency. However, no cis essential transcription control regions which are necessary for both transformation and replication of BPV-1 or any other papillomavirus have yet been defined. We have found that BPV-1 mutants with deletions in the long control region were defective for transformation and replication, with the essential region in the 5' long control region corresponding to the previously defined BPV-1 constitutive enhancer (S. B. Vande Pol and P. M. Howley, J. Virol. 64:5420-5429, 1990). BPV-1 mutants deleted of the constitutive enhancer could be complemented in trans by the full-length virally encoded E2 transactivator and replication factor (E2TA) and in cis by the simian virus 40 enhancer. The constitutive enhancer induced the production of E2TA by activating all the major viral early promoters upstream of the E2 open reading frame. Complementation experiments using a temperature-sensitive E2TA mutant indicated that the constitutive enhancer was necessary for the maintenance of viral DNA replication within latently infected cells and implied that viral transcription under the regulation of the constitutive enhancer may be controlled during the cell cycle. The constitutive enhancer is a master regulatory control region for establishing and maintaining BPV-1 latency, and its characteristics reveal some analogies with cell type-specific enhancer elements recognized in the human papillomaviruses.

MeSH Terms
Animals Blotting, Southern Bovine papillomavirus 1/genetics Cattle Cell Line Cell Transformation, Viral/genetics DNA Replication/genetics DNA, Viral/biosynthesis Enhancer Elements, Genetic Genetic Complementation Test Mice Plasmids Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid Restriction Mapping Transcription, Genetic Virus Activation
Chemicals
DNA, Viral
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Vande Pol S B
Laboratory of Tumor Virus Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
Howley P M
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of virology
Abbr.
J Virol
ISSN
0022-538X
DOI
10.1128/JVI.66.4.2346-2358.1992
Published
1992-04-00
Pages
2346-58
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0113724
PMCID
PMC289030
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/JVI.66.4.2346-2358.1992 PMC Full Text View journal details
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