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PMID: 12154129 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Phytochrome mediates the external light signal to repress FT orthologs in photoperiodic flowering of rice.

Genes & development ·Vol. 16 ·No. 15 ·2002-08-01 ·Pages 2006-20

Izawa T, Oikawa T, Sugiyama N, Tanisaka T, Yano M, Shimamoto K

Abstract

Phytochromes confer the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice (Oryza sativa), a short-day plant. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of day-length recognition, we examined the interaction between phytochrome signals and circadian clocks in photoperiodic-flowering mutants of rice. Monitoring behaviors of circadian clocks revealed that phase setting of circadian clocks is not affected either under short-day (SD) or under long-day (LD) conditions in a phytochrome-deficient mutant that shows an early-flowering phenotype with no photoperiodic response. Non-24-hr-light/dark-cycle experiments revealed that a rice counterpart gene of Arabidopsis CONSTANS (CO), named PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY 1 (Heading date 1) [SE1 (Hd1)], functions as an output of circadian clocks. In addition, the phytochrome deficiency does not affect the diurnal mRNA expression of SE1 upon floral transition. Downstream floral switch genes were further identified with rice orthologs of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Our RT-PCR data indicate that phytochrome signals repress mRNA expression of FT orthologs, whereas SE1 can function to promote and suppress mRNA expression of the FT orthologs under SD and LD, respectively. This SE1 transcriptional activity may be posttranscriptionally regulated and may depend on the coincidence with Pfr phytochromes. We propose a model to explain how a short-day plant recognizes the day length in photoperiodic flowering.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Circadian Rhythm/physiology Genes, Reporter Light Models, Biological Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family Oryza/growth & development,physiology,radiation effects Photoperiod Phylogeny Phytochrome/genetics,physiology Plant Proteins/genetics,physiology RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis RNA, Plant/biosynthesis Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Chemicals
Plant Proteins RNA, Messenger RNA, Plant Recombinant Fusion Proteins Phytochrome
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Izawa Takeshi
Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan. tizawa@nias.affrc.go.jp
Oikawa Tetsuo
Sugiyama Nobuko
Tanisaka Takatoshi
Yano Masahiro
Shimamoto Ko
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Article Info
Journal
Genes & development
Abbr.
Genes Dev
ISSN
0890-9369
DOI
10.1101/gad.999202
Email
tizawa@nias.affrc.go.jp
Published
2002-08-01
Pages
2006-20
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8711660
PMCID
PMC186415
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1101/gad.999202 PMC Full Text View journal details
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