A computerized database-scan to identify c-MYC targets.

The c-MYC oncogene plays a pivotal role in the malignant transformation of various types of human cancer. It is also a key regulator of cellular proliferation, embryonic differentiation and apoptosis. c-MYC encodes a transcription factor that activates target genes in a sequence specific manner through heterodimerization with the ubiquitously expressed factor MAX. Identifying c-MYC target genes is therefore crucial for elucidating the molecular pathways that are downstream of MYC. Most of the c-MYC targets isolated to date as well as targets of other transcription factors have been identified by differential expression or the candidate gene approach. In this paper, we outline a computer-based scan that allows us to create a pool of putative target genes for a transcription factor. The scan is based on a set of criteria including sequence specificity of the c-MYC transcription factor, sequence location and evolutionary conservation of these regulatory elements. Using this procedure, we have identified 12 putative targets for c-MYC. Expression analyses, DNA binding assays and chimeric promoter-reporter experiments suggest that two genes, NM23-H2 and N-RAS, may indeed be direct targets for c-MYC activation. This type of computer-based scan may have a general use to identify targets for other transcription factors.