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PMID: 12097251 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

Spectrum of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, or human herpesvirus 8, diseases.

Clinical microbiology reviews ·Vol. 15 ·No. 3 ·2002-07-00 ·Pages 439-64

Ablashi DV, Chatlynne LG, Whitman JE, Cesarman E

Abstract

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), discovered in 1994, is a human rhadinovirus (gamma-2 herpesvirus). Unlike other human herpesviruses (herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, HHV-6, and HHV-7), it is not widespread in the general population and has many unique proteins. HHV-8 is strongly associated with all subtypes of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman's disease, and a rare form of B-cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma. In addition, HHV-8 DNA sequences have been found in association with other diseases, but the role of the virus in these diseases is largely unconfirmed and remains controversial. The seroprevalence of HHV-8, based on detection of latent and lytic proteins, is 2 to 5% in healthy donors except in certain geographic areas where the virus is endemic, 80 to 95% in classic KS patients, and 40 to 50% in HIV-1 patients without KS. This virus can be transmitted both sexually and through body fluids (e.g., saliva and blood). HHV-8 is a transforming virus, as evidenced by its presence in human malignancies, by the in vitro transforming properties of several of its viral genes, and by its ability to transform some primary cells in culture. It is not, however, sufficient for transformation, and other cofactors such as immunosuppressive cytokines are involved in the development of HHV-8-associated malignancies. In this article, we review the biology, molecular virology, epidemiology, transmission, detection methods, pathogenesis, and antiviral therapy of this newly discovered human herpesvirus.

MeSH Terms
Animals Herpesviridae Infections/diagnosis,epidemiology,physiopathology,virology Herpesvirus 8, Human/isolation & purification,pathogenicity Humans Sarcoma, Kaposi/diagnosis,epidemiology,physiopathology,virology
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ablashi Dharam V
Advanced Biotechnologies Inc., Columbia, Maryland 21046,USA. dablashi@abionline.com
Chatlynne Louise G
Whitman James E
Cesarman Ethel
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Article Info
Journal
Clinical microbiology reviews
Abbr.
Clin Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0893-8512
DOI
10.1128/CMR.15.3.439-464.2002
Email
dablashi@abionline.com
Published
2002-07-00
Pages
439-64
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8807282
PMCID
PMC118087
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/CMR.15.3.439-464.2002 PMC Full Text View journal details
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