Ion-channel assay technologies: quo vadis?

Although many existing methods are used to study the functions of ion channels and to screen lead compounds for important ion-channel targets, new technologies are being developed for improved performance. It is important to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each technology. In this review, we segment the ion-channel assay market according to distinguishable applications, and compare the needs of each market segment with the capabilities of different technologies in terms of multiple assay attributes. We further discuss the future directions in the development of ion-channel assays.