DNA fusion vaccines against B-cell tumors.

DNA vaccination is currently being explored as a potential strategy for combatting cancer. However, tumor antigens are often weak and the immune system of patients may be compromised. For B-cell tumors, immunoglobulin idiotypic antigens provide defined targets but are poorly immunogenic. Fusion of a sequence derived from tetanus toxin to the genes encoding idiotypic determinants has proved highly effective in activating protective anti-tumor immunity. DNA fusion vaccines containing immuno-enhancing sequences can augment and direct immune attack on a range of target antigens. Gene-based fusion vaccines offer ease of manipulation and flexible design to activate effective attack on cancer.