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PMID: 11216635 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Localized calcium influx in pancreatic beta-cells: its significance for Ca2+-dependent insulin secretion from the islets of Langerhans.

Endocrine ·Vol. 13 ·No. 3 ·2000-12-00 ·Pages 251-62

Satin LS

Abstract

Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels plays a crucial role in stimulus-secretion coupling in pancreatic islet beta-cells. Molecular and physiologic studies have identified multiple Ca2+ channel subtypes in rodent islets and insulin-secreting cell lines. The differential targeting of Ca2+ channel subtypes to the vicinity of the insulin secretory apparatus is likely to account for their selective coupling to glucose-dependent insulin secretion. In this article, I review these studies. In addition, I discuss temporal and spatial aspects of Ca2+ signaling in beta-cells, the former involving the oscillatory activation of Ca2+ channels during glucose-induced electrical bursting, and the latter involving [Ca2+]i elevation in restricted microscopic "domains," as well as direct interactions between Ca2+ channels and secretory SNARE proteins. Finally, I review the evidence supporting a possible role for Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum in glucose-dependent insulin secretion, and evidence to support the existence of novel Ca2+ entry pathways. I also show that the beta-cell has an elaborate and complex set of [Ca2+]i signaling mechanisms that are capable of generating diverse and extremely precise [Ca2+]i patterns. These signals, in turn, are exquisitely coupled in space and time to the beta-cell secretory machinery to produce the precise minute-to-minute control of insulin secretion necessary for body energy homeostasis.

MeSH Terms
Animals Calcium/metabolism,pharmacology Calcium Channels, L-Type/analysis,physiology Calcium Channels, T-Type/analysis,physiology Electric Conductivity Electrophysiology Exocytosis Glucose/pharmacology Humans Insulin/metabolism Insulin Secretion Ion Channel Gating Islets of Langerhans/drug effects,metabolism
Chemicals
Calcium Channels, L-Type Calcium Channels, T-Type Insulin Glucose Calcium
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Satin L S
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0524, USA. lsatin@hsc.vcu.edu
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Article Info
Journal
Endocrine
Abbr.
Endocrine
ISSN
1355-008X
DOI
10.1385/ENDO:13:3:251
Email
lsatin@hsc.vcu.edu
Published
2000-12-00
Pages
251-62
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9434444
Subset
IM
Grants
NIDDK NIH HHS · DK46409 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1385/ENDO:13:3:251 View journal details
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