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PMID: 11083938 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Molecular phylogenetics of the holly leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae: Phytomyza): species limits, speciation, and dietary specialization.

Molecular phylogenetics and evolution ·Vol. 17 ·No. 2 ·2000-11-00 ·Pages 244-55

Scheffer SJ, Wiegmann BM

Abstract

A molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine relationships and to investigate character evolution in the Phytomyza ilicis group of leafmining flies on hollies (Aquifoliaceae: Ilex). A total of 2207 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II genes were sequenced for all known holly leafminers, as well as for several undescribed members of this group. Maximum-parsimony analysis of the sequence data indicates that these leafminers form a monophyletic group with the inclusion of an undescribed leafminer that feeds on the distantly related plant Gelsemium sempevirens (Loganiaceae). Species boundaries of previously known and of undescribed holly leafmining species were confirmed with the molecular data, with one exception. Optimization of variable ecological and morphological characters onto the most parsimonious phylogeny suggests that these traits are evolutionarily labile, requiring multiple instances of convergence and/or reversal to explain their evolutionary history. Speciation in holly leafminers is associated with host shifts and appears to involve colonization of new hosts more often than cospeciation as the hosts diverge. Monophagy is the most common feeding pattern in holly leafminers, and more generalized feeding is inferred to have evolved at least two separate times, possibly as a prelude to speciation.

MeSH Terms
Animals DNA, Mitochondrial/chemistry,genetics Diptera/classification,genetics Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics Evolution, Molecular Female Host-Parasite Interactions Male Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Plant Leaves/parasitology Plants/parasitology Protein Subunits RNA, Transfer, Leu/genetics Species Specificity
Chemicals
DNA, Mitochondrial Protein Subunits RNA, Transfer, Leu Electron Transport Complex IV
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Scheffer S J
Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. sscheffe@sel.barc.usda.gov
Wiegmann B M
Article Info
Journal
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution
Abbr.
Mol Phylogenet Evol
ISSN
1055-7903
DOI
10.1006/mpev.2000.0830
Email
sscheffe@sel.barc.usda.gov
Published
2000-11-00
Pages
244-55
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9304400
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
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External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1006/mpev.2000.0830 View journal details
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