Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 11041887 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The pea light-independent photomorphogenesis1 mutant results from partial duplication of COP1 generating an internal promoter and producing two distinct transcripts.

The Plant cell ·Vol. 12 ·No. 10 ·2000-10-00 ·Pages 1927-38

Sullivan JA, Gray JC

Abstract

The pea lip1 (light-independent photomorphogenesis1) mutant shows many of the characteristics of light-grown development when grown in continuous darkness. To investigate the identity of LIP1, cDNAs encoding the pea homolog of COP1, a repressor of photomorphogenesis identified in Arabidopsis, were isolated from wild-type and lip1 pea seedlings. lip1 seedlings contained a wild-type COP1 transcript as well as a larger COP1' transcript that contained an internal in-frame duplication of 894 bp. The COP1' transcript segregated with the lip1 phenotype in F(2) seedlings and could be translated in vitro to produce a protein of approximately 100 kD. The COP1 gene in lip1 peas contained a 7.5-kb duplication, consisting of exons 1 to 7 of the wild-type sequence, located 2.5 kb upstream of a region of genomic DNA identical to the wild-type COP1 DNA sequence. Transcription and splicing of the mutant COP1 gene was predicted to produce the COP1' transcript, whereas transcription from an internal promoter in the 2.5-kb region of DNA located between the duplicated regions of COP1 would produce the wild-type COP1 transcript. The presence of small quantities of wild-type COP1 transcripts may reduce the severity of the phenotype produced by the mutated COP1' protein. The genomic DNA sequences of the COP1 gene from wild-type and lip1 peas and the cDNA sequences of COP1 and COP1' transcripts have been submitted to the EMBL database under the EMBL accession numbers AJ276591, AJ276592, AJ289773, and AJ289774, respectively.

MeSH Terms
Arabidopsis Proteins Base Sequence Carrier Proteins/genetics,metabolism Darkness Exons Gene Duplication Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Introns Light Morphogenesis Peas/genetics Plant Proteins/genetics,metabolism Promoter Regions, Genetic Protein Biosynthesis Repressor Proteins/genetics,metabolism Transcription, Genetic Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
Chemicals
Arabidopsis Proteins Carrier Proteins Plant Proteins Repressor Proteins AT2G32950 protein, Arabidopsis Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Sullivan J A
Department of Plant Sciences and Cambridge Centre for Molecular Recognition, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
Gray J C
References (44)
44 references, click to expand
  1. Arabidopsis FUSCA5 encodes a novel phosphoprotein that is a component of the COP9 complex.
    Plant Cell. 1999 May;11(5):839-48 PMID: 10330469
  2. COP1, an Arabidopsis regulatory gene, encodes a protein with both a zinc-binding motif and a G beta homologous domain.
    Cell. 1992 Nov 27;71(5):791-801 PMID: 1423630
  3. Splice site prediction in Arabidopsis thaliana pre-mRNA by combining local and global sequence information.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Sep 1;24(17):3439-52 PMID: 8811101
  4. The Arabidopsis HY5 gene encodes a bZIP protein that regulates stimulus-induced development of root and hypocotyl.
    Genes Dev. 1997 Nov 15;11(22):2983-95 PMID: 9367981
  5. A novel protein complex involved in signal transduction possessing similarities to 26S proteasome subunits.
    FASEB J. 1998 Apr;12(6):469-78 PMID: 9535219
  6. Discrete domains mediate the light-responsive nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of Arabidopsis COP1.
    Plant Cell. 1999 Mar;11(3):349-64 PMID: 10072396
  7. Making sense of the COP9 signalosome. A regulatory protein complex conserved from Arabidopsis to human.
    Trends Genet. 1999 Mar;15(3):98-103 PMID: 10203806
  8. Functional dissection of Arabidopsis COP1 reveals specific roles of its three structural modules in light control of seedling development.
    EMBO J. 1998 Oct 1;17(19):5577-87 PMID: 9755158
  9. Arabidopsis homologs of a c-Jun coactivator are present both in monomeric form and in the COP9 complex, and their abundance is differentially affected by the pleiotropic cop/det/fus mutations.
    Plant Cell. 1998 Nov;10(11):1779-90 PMID: 9811788
  10. The Gibberellin Status of lip1, a Mutant of Pea That Exhibits Light-Independent Photomorphogenesis.
    Plant Physiol. 1996 Sep;112(1):61-66 PMID: 12226373
  11. The N-terminal hydrophobic region of the mature phosphate translocator is sufficient for targeting to the chloroplast inner envelope membrane.
    Plant Cell. 1995 Sep;7(9):1421-32 PMID: 8589626
  12. The COP9 complex, a novel multisubunit nuclear regulator involved in light control of a plant developmental switch.
    Cell. 1996 Jul 12;86(1):115-21 PMID: 8689678
  13. The role of the COP/DET/FUS genes in light control of arabidopsis seedling development.
    Plant Physiol. 1996 Nov;112(3):871-8 PMID: 8938399
  14. Mechanisms of tandem duplication in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene include both homologous and nonhomologous intrachromosomal recombination.
    EMBO J. 1991 Sep;10(9):2471-7 PMID: 1868831
  15. Nomad DNA--a model for movement and duplication of DNA sequences in plant genomes.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1990 Sep;15(3):437-48 PMID: 2103462
  16. Phenotype of the tomato high pigment-2 mutant is caused by a mutation in the tomato homolog of DEETIOLATED1.
    Plant Cell. 1999 Feb;11(2):145-57 PMID: 9927635
  17. Molecular interaction between COP1 and HY5 defines a regulatory switch for light control of Arabidopsis development.
    Mol Cell. 1998 Jan;1(2):213-22 PMID: 9659918
  18. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity.
    Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6-13 PMID: 6312838
  19. Structural organization and interactions of COP1, a light-regulated developmental switch.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1999 Sep;41(2):151-8 PMID: 10579483
  20. LIGHT CONTROL OF SEEDLING DEVELOPMENT.
    Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 1996 Jun;47:215-243 PMID: 15012288
  21. Plastid translation is required for the expression of nuclear photosynthesis genes in the dark and in roots of the pea lip1 mutant
    Plant Cell. 1999 May;11(5):901-10 PMID: 10330474
  22. Binary Agrobacterium vectors for plant transformation.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Nov 26;12(22):8711-21 PMID: 6095209
  23. Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):7035-56 PMID: 6091052
  24. Arabidopsis bZIP protein HY5 directly interacts with light-responsive promoters in mediating light control of gene expression.
    Plant Cell. 1998 May;10(5):673-83 PMID: 9596629
  25. GUS fusions: beta-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants.
    EMBO J. 1987 Dec 20;6(13):3901-7 PMID: 3327686
  26. A complement of ten essential and pleiotropic arabidopsis COP/DET/FUS genes is necessary for repression of photomorphogenesis in darkness.
    Plant Physiol. 1996 Mar;110(3):731-42 PMID: 8819865
  27. Molecular cloning and sequencing of the cDNA of cop1 gene from Pisum sativum.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Feb 11;1395(3):326-8 PMID: 9512668
  28. Out of darkness: mutants reveal pathways controlling light-regulated development in plants.
    Trends Genet. 1993 May;9(5):167-72 PMID: 8337753
  29. The COP9 complex is conserved between plants and mammals and is related to the 26S proteasome regulatory complex.
    Curr Biol. 1998 Jul 30-Aug 13;8(16):919-22 PMID: 9707402
  30. The role of COP1 in repression of Arabidopsis photomorphogenic development.
    Trends Cell Biol. 1999 Mar;9(3):113-8 PMID: 10201077
  31. Identification of regions in alleles of the flax rust resistance gene L that determine differences in gene-for-gene specificity.
    Plant Cell. 1999 Mar;11(3):495-506 PMID: 10072407
  32. Mutations in the DET1 gene affect cell-type-specific expression of light-regulated genes and chloroplast development in Arabidopsis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):8776-80 PMID: 2247447
  33. Light signal transduction in plants.
    Photochem Photobiol. 1996 Dec;64(6):897-905 PMID: 8972630
  34. Targeted destabilization of HY5 during light-regulated development of Arabidopsis.
    Nature. 2000 May 25;405(6785):462-6 PMID: 10839542
  35. The dark-adaptation response of the de-etiolated pea mutant lip1 is modulated by external signals and endogenous programs.
    Plant Physiol. 1997 Sep;115(1):23-8 PMID: 9306689
  36. Nuclear localization signal(s) required for nuclear targeting of the maize regulatory protein Opaque-2.
    Plant Cell. 1992 Oct;4(10):1213-27 PMID: 1332794
  37. Short communication: the N-terminal fragment of Arabidopsis photomorphogenic repressor COP1 maintains partial function and acts in a concentration-dependent manner.
    Plant J. 1999 Dec;20(6):713-7 PMID: 10652143
  38. cop1: a regulatory locus involved in light-controlled development and gene expression in Arabidopsis.
    Genes Dev. 1991 Jul;5(7):1172-82 PMID: 2065972
  39. HY4 gene of A. thaliana encodes a protein with characteristics of a blue-light photoreceptor.
    Nature. 1993 Nov 11;366(6451):162-6 PMID: 8232555
  40. The Phytochrome-Deficient pcd1 Mutant of Pea Is Unable to Convert Heme to Biliverdin IX[alpha].
    Plant Cell. 1996 Jan;8(1):55-67 PMID: 12239355
  41. Light inactivation of Arabidopsis photomorphogenic repressor COP1 involves a cell-specific regulation of its nucleocytoplasmic partitioning.
    Cell. 1994 Dec 16;79(6):1035-45 PMID: 8001131
  42. Initial characterization of a pea mutant with light-independent photomorphogenesis.
    Plant Cell. 1992 Dec;4(12):1519-30 PMID: 1467651
  43. Arabidopsis cop8 and fus4 mutations define the same gene that encodes subunit 4 of the COP9 signalosome.
    Plant Cell. 1999 Oct;11(10):1967-80 PMID: 10521526
  44. Light control of seedling morphogenetic pattern.
    Plant Cell. 1995 Nov;7(11):1749-61 PMID: 8535132
Article Info
Journal
The Plant cell
Abbr.
Plant Cell
ISSN
1040-4651
DOI
10.1105/tpc.12.10.1927
Published
2000-10-00
Pages
1927-38
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9208688
PMCID
PMC149130
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1105/tpc.12.10.1927 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2