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PMID: 10353295 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

Epidemiology of risk factors for hypertension: implications for prevention and therapy.

Drugs ·Vol. 57 ·No. 5 ·1999-05-00 ·Pages 695-712

Kornitzer M, Dramaix M, De Backer G

Abstract

We review the present knowledge of risk factors for arterial hypertension. Both genetic and environmental factors as well as their interaction and biological plausibility are reviewed. Recent data confirm that the interaction of genetics with multiple environmental risk factors explains the high prevalence of hypertension in the industrialised countries. The most important modifiable environmental risk factors are high salt intake, alcohol intake, obesity and low physical activity. The role of stress in the aetiology of high blood pressure is still under investigation, but recent clinical experimental and epidemiological data have shed light on how stress could be related to hypertension. The implications for prevention and treatment are discussed both at the population and individual levels. The population approach involves a public health policy aiming at modification of the major risk factors. The individual approach involves nonpharmacological measures to prevent the development of hypertension and to treat high normal blood pressure and mild hypertension with no additional cardiovascular risk factors. Pharmacological treatment of hypertension in most individuals should use agents that have been proven to be effective in randomised controlled trials with 'hard' endpoints such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality.

MeSH Terms
Female Humans Hypertension/etiology,prevention & control,therapy Male Prevalence Risk Factors
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kornitzer M
School of Public Health, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. mkornit@ulb.ac.be
Dramaix M
De Backer G
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Article Info
Journal
Drugs
Abbr.
Drugs
ISSN
0012-6667
DOI
10.2165/00003495-199957050-00003
Email
mkornit@ulb.ac.be
Published
1999-05-00
Pages
695-712
Language
English
Region
New Zealand
NLM ID
7600076
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.2165/00003495-199957050-00003 View journal details
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