RCC1 (regulator of chromosome condensation 1)
RCC1 (Regulator of Chromosome Condensation 1) encodes a critical nuclear chromatin-binding protein that serves as a master regulator of cell cycle progression, particularly during mitosis. As a member of the Ran GTPase effector protein family, the RCC1 protein contains a conserved RCC1 domain, also known as a beta-helix repeat domain, which enables it to bind and activate the small GTPase Ran. This activation is essential for the spatial and temporal regulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport and the assembly of the mitotic spindle, ensuring the proper condensation of chromosomes and their accurate segregation into daughter cells. By orchestrating the GTPase cycle of Ran, RCC1 maintains genomic stability; consequently, mutations or dysregulation of this gene can lead to chromosome instability, aneuploidy, and cell cycle arrest, thereby predisposing cells to apoptosis or uncontrolled proliferation. The abnormal expression of RCC1 has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies, including breast, lung, and colorectal cancers, where its overexpression often correlates with enhanced tumor growth and development, while reduced expression may trigger cell cycle checkpoints. Beyond its role in mitosis, RCC1 participates in broader cellular processes such as gene expression regulation and DNA repair, highlighting its central importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Disruptions in RCC1 function can have systemic consequences, contributing to developmental defects, immune system disorders, and cancer initiation, underscoring its vital role in both normal physiology and disease pathology.
Gene Ontology
Subcellular localization of RCC1 (and its protein):
- plasma membrane
- cytoplasm
- extracellular
- golgi
- vesicle
- cytoskeleton
- endoplasmic reticulum
- nucleus
- endosome
- lysosome
- mitochondrion
Gene Ontology (GO) terms for RCC1:
| Interacting Gene | Interaction | Source/Score |
| Name |
|---|
| Disease |
| HIV Infection |
| HIV Life Cycle |
| Host Interactions of HIV factors |
| Infectious disease |
| Interactions of Rev with host cellular proteins |
| Late Phase of HIV Life Cycle |
| Nuclear import of Rev protein |
| Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA |
| Disease | Score | NofPmids | NofSnps | Source |
| Retinitis Pigmentosa | 0.002995792 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.001357209 | 5 | 0 | BeFree |
| X-linked retinitis pigmentosa | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Breast Carcinoma | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant neoplasm of prostate | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Prostate carcinoma | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Carcinogenesis | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| oligodendroglioma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Oxyphilic Adenoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Pancreatic carcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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