PROS1基因编码蛋白S(Protein S),这是一种维生素K依赖性血浆糖蛋白,主要在肝脏、内皮细胞和巨核细胞中合成。蛋白S作为抗凝系统中的关键辅助因子,通过与活化蛋白C(APC)结合显著增强APC对凝血因子Va和VIIIa的灭活能力,从而抑制血栓形成。此外,蛋白S还能独立于APC直接抑制凝血酶原酶复合物(Tenase和Prothrombinase)的活性。其作用位点集中在凝血级联反应的共同途径中。PROS1基因突变可导致蛋白S缺乏,分为三种类型:I型(数量减少)、II型(功能缺陷)和III型(游离型减少)。这些突变与遗传性血栓倾向密切相关,尤其是静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE),约5-8%的VTE患者存在PROS1突变。新生儿纯合突变可能引发暴发性紫癜。PROS1属于PROS基因家族,该家族成员均含有Gla结构域(依赖维生素K的γ-羧化区域)和SHBG样结构域(性激素结合球蛋白同源区),这些结构域介导钙离子依赖的磷脂膜结合和蛋白质相互作用。当PROS1过表达时可能增强抗凝作用,但临床关联性尚不明确;而表达降低则导致获得性蛋白S缺乏(见于肝病、妊娠、华法林治疗或弥散性血管内凝血),显著增加血栓风险。值得注意的是,蛋白S还具有调节炎症、凋亡和血管通透性的非凝血功能,其胞外信号通过Tyro3/Axl/Mer(TAM)受体酪氨酸激酶家族传导。游离蛋白S(约40%循环总量)是主要活性形式,其余与补体调节蛋白C4b结合蛋白形成复合物。检测时需区分总蛋白S和游离蛋白S水平,这对准确诊断蛋白S缺乏至关重要。
This gene encodes a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein that functions as a cofactor for the anticoagulant protease, activated protein C (APC) to inhibit blood coagulation. It is found in plasma in both a free, functionally active form and also in an inactive form complexed with C4b-binding protein. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal dominant hereditary thrombophilia. An inactive pseudogene of this locus is located at an adjacent region on chromosome 3. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]
此基因编码一种维生素K依赖性血浆蛋白,其功能,作为抗凝血剂蛋白酶的辅因子,活化的蛋白C(APC),以抑制血液凝固。它在血浆中都一个自由的,功能活性形式也与C4b的结合蛋白复合非活性形式找到。突变这个基因导致常染色体显性遗传性血栓形成倾向。该位点的非活性假位于相邻区域上[由RefSeq的,2009年2月提供] 3号染色体
PROS1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PROS1基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4610 Complement and coagulation cascades [PATH:hsa04610] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall |
| Common Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation |
| Complement cascade |
| Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade) |
| Gamma carboxylation, hypusine formation and arylsulfatase activation |
| Gamma-carboxylation of protein precursors |
| Gamma-carboxylation, transport, and amino-terminal cleavage of proteins |
| Hemostasis |
| Immune System |
| Innate Immune System |
| Metabolism of proteins |
| Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| Platelet degranulation |
| Post-translational protein modification |
| Regulation of Complement cascade |
| Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins |
| Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ |
| Transport of gamma-carboxylated protein precursors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| THROMBOPHILIA DUE TO PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE | 0.24 | 1 | 2 | CLINVAR_UNIPROT |
| THROMBOPHILIA DUE TO PROTEIN S DEFICIENCY, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT | 0.24 | 23 | 9 | CTD_human_UNIPROT |
| Thrombosis | 0.127815732 | 4 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Activated Protein C Resistance | 0.127815732 | 4 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Thromboembolism | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Juvenile arthritis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| IGA Glomerulonephritis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| Malignant neoplasm of prostate | 0.058360002 | 215 | 1 | BeFree |
山东省济南市章丘区文博路2号 齐鲁师范学院 genelibs生信实验室
山东省济南市高新区舜华路750号大学科技园北区F座4单元2楼
电话: 0531-88819269
E-mail: product@genelibs.com
关注微信订阅号,实时查看信息,关注医学生物学动态。