IDH1(异柠檬酸脱氢酶1)是一种重要的代谢酶,属于异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)基因家族,该家族还包括IDH2和IDH3。IDH家族成员在细胞代谢中发挥关键作用,催化异柠檬酸氧化脱羧生成α-酮戊二酸(α-KG),这是三羧酸循环(TCA循环)和细胞能量代谢的核心反应。IDH1主要位于细胞质和过氧化物酶体中,而IDH2和IDH3则位于线粒体内。IDH1的突变与多种疾病密切相关,尤其是癌症。最常见的突变形式是IDH1 R132位点的点突变(如R132H),这种突变导致酶功能异常,使其将α-KG转化为致癌代谢物D-2-羟基戊二酸(D-2HG)。D-2HG积累会干扰表观遗传调控,抑制α-KG依赖性双加氧酶活性,进而影响细胞分化并促进肿瘤发生。IDH1突变在胶质瘤、急性髓系白血病(AML)和软骨肉瘤等肿瘤中高频出现,已成为重要的诊断标志物和治疗靶点。IDH1过表达可能增强细胞抗氧化能力,因为其参与NADPH生成,但突变型IDH1的过表达会促进肿瘤进展。相反,IDH1表达降低可能导致代谢紊乱,影响脂质合成和氧化还原平衡。针对突变IDH1的抑制剂(如艾伏尼布)已获批用于治疗IDH1突变型AML,通过减少D-2HG产生发挥抗肿瘤作用。IDH1的正常功能对维持细胞代谢稳态至关重要,而其突变则通过代谢重编程驱动肿瘤发生,这一特点使其成为癌症研究和精准治疗的重要分子。
Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP(+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the cytoplasm and peroxisomes. It contains the PTS-1 peroxisomal targeting signal sequence. The presence of this enzyme in peroxisomes suggests roles in the regeneration of NADPH for intraperoxisomal reductions, such as the conversion of 2, 4-dienoyl-CoAs to 3-enoyl-CoAs, as well as in peroxisomal reactions that consume 2-oxoglutarate, namely the alpha-hydroxylation of phytanic acid. The cytoplasmic enzyme serves a significant role in cytoplasmic NADPH production. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]
异柠檬酸脱氢酶催化异柠檬酸的氧化脱羧到2-酮戊二酸。这些酶属于两个不同的亚类,其中一个利用NAD(+)用作电子受体和其它NADP(+)。五异柠檬酸脱氢酶已经报道:三位NAD(+) - 依赖的异柠檬酸脱氢酶,其定位于线粒体基质,和两个NADP(+) - 依赖的异柠檬酸脱氢酶,其中之一就是线粒体和其他主要胞质。每个NADP(+) - 依赖性同功酶是同型二聚体。蛋白质ENCOD由该基因编在NADP(+) - 依赖的异柠檬酸在细胞质和过氧化物酶体中发现的脱氢酶。它包含的PTS-1过氧化物酶体靶向信号序列。在过氧化物酶这种酶的存在下,在消耗2-酮戊二酸的过氧化物酶反应表明角色的NADPH为intraperoxisomal减少,如2的转换,4-二烯酰基辅酶A到3-烯酰基辅酶A中,再生以及,即植烷酸的α羟基化。细胞质酶供应细胞质NADPH生产显著的作用。已发现此基因编码相同蛋白质可变剪接转录物变体。 [由RefSeq的,2013年9月提供]
IDH1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
IDH1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
1200 Carbon metabolism [PATH:hsa01200] |
1210 2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa01210] |
1230 Biosynthesis of amino acids [PATH:hsa01230] |
20 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) [PATH:hsa00020] |
480 Glutathione metabolism [PATH:hsa00480] |
4146 Peroxisome [PATH:hsa04146] |
5230 Central carbon metabolism in cancer [PATH:hsa05230] |
名称 |
---|
Abnormal conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate |
Disease |
Diseases of metabolism |
Metabolism |
Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
NADPH regeneration |
Peroxisomal lipid metabolism |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Enchondromatosis | 0.240814326 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_ORPHANET |
Glioma | 0.221550393 | 298 | 5 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
oligodendroglioma | 0.138783028 | 37 | 3 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Cholangiocarcinoma | 0.122171535 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Lymphoma | 0.121085767 | 5 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Maffucci Syndrome | 0.121085767 | 4 | 1 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
Liver carcinoma | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
gliosarcoma | 0.120542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
Hemangioma | 0.120542884 | 2 | 3 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Chondroma | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
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