ABCG5(ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 5)属于ABC转运蛋白超家族中的G亚家族(ABCG家族),该家族成员通常具有跨膜结构域和ATP结合域,依赖ATP水解产生的能量转运底物。ABCG5与ABCG8形成异二聚体,主要在肝脏和小肠中表达,负责将植物甾醇(如谷甾醇)和胆固醇从肠上皮细胞泵回肠腔,或从肝细胞排入胆汁,从而减少肠道吸收并促进排泄,维持体内胆固醇平衡。其功能特点是选择性转运疏水性分子,且依赖ABCG8的协同作用才能定位至细胞膜并发挥活性。若ABCG5发生功能丧失突变(如R50X、Q604X等无义突变),会导致甾醇排泄障碍,引发谷甾醇血症(Sitosterolemia),表现为血浆植物甾醇异常升高、早发性动脉粥样硬化和黄色瘤。该疾病为常染色体隐性遗传。过表达ABCG5可能增强胆固醇逆向转运,但可能干扰脂溶性维生素吸收;而表达降低会加剧膳食甾醇蓄积。ABCG家族共性包括:均含"反向拓扑结构"(N端为ATP结合域,C端为跨膜域),多参与脂质、药物或毒素的外排。ABCG5/ABCG8的调控受肝脏X受体(LXR)和胰岛素敏感因子(SREBP)通路影响,与动脉粥样硬化、胆结石等疾病相关。目前中文术语"谷甾醇血症"对应英文"Sitosterolemia",也有译作"植物甾醇血症"。
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the White subfamily. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a half-transporter to limit intestinal absorption and promote biliary excretion of sterols. It is expressed in a tissue-specific manner in the liver, colon, and intestine. This gene is tandemly arrayed on chromosome 2, in a head-to-head orientation with family member ABCG8. Mutations in this gene may contribute to sterol accumulation and atheroschlerosis, and have been observed in patients with sitosterolemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码的蛋白是ATP结合盒(ABC)转运超家族中的一员。 ABC蛋白质跨越预算外内和细胞膜输送各种分子。 ABC基因被分为七个不同亚科(ABC1,MDR / TAP,MRP,ALD,OABP,GCN20,白色)。这种蛋白质是白亚科的成员。由该基因用作半转运编码的蛋白质,以限制肠道吸收,促进甾醇的胆汁排泄。它是在肝脏,结肠和肠组织特异性方式表达。该基因串联排列2号染色体上,在一个头 - 头方向与家庭成员ABCG8。在这个基因的突变可有助于固醇积累和atheroschlerosis,以及患者sitosterolemia已观察到。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
ABCG5基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ABCG5基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
2010 ABC transporters [PATH:hsa02010] |
4976 Bile secretion [PATH:hsa04976] |
4975 Fat digestion and absorption [PATH:hsa04975] |
名称 |
---|
ABC-family proteins mediated transport |
ABCA transporters in lipid homeostasis |
Lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport |
Metabolism |
Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
Trafficking of dietary sterols |
Transmembrane transport of small molecules |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Sitosterolemia | 0.44 | 4 | 0 | CTD_human_MGD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Cholelithiasis | 0.132453989 | 12 | 6 | BeFree_GAD_GWASCAT |
Cholecystolithiasis | 0.130825337 | 8 | 6 | BeFree_GAD_GWASCAT |
Coronary heart disease | 0.127372538 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Atherosclerosis | 0.126362715 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Xanthomatosis | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Coronary Artery Disease | 0.12 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human |
Dyslipidemias | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
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